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Numenius hudsonicus

Latham, 1790

Hudsonian Whimbrel

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Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.793078
Element CodeABNNF07022
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderCharadriiformes
FamilyScolopacidae
GenusNumenius
Synonyms
Numenius phaeopus hudsonicusLatham, 1790
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Taxon hudsonicus (polytypic, including rufiventris) is treated as a species separate from Numenius phaeopus based on morphology and deep genomic DNA divergence (McLaughlin et al. 2020, Gill et al. 2023, Tan et al. 2023, AviList 2025, Skeel et al. 2025). However, vocalizations seem similar, and a formal bioacoustic analysis is lacking (AviList 2025).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN3B,N4M
ProvinceRankNative
ManitobaS3BYes
Nova ScotiaS2MYes
AlbertaSUMYes
Northwest TerritoriesS3Yes
NunavutS3BYes
Island of NewfoundlandS2MYes
British ColumbiaS1B,SNRMYes
LabradorS3MYes
OntarioS3B,S4MYes
SaskatchewanS4MYes
QuebecS3MYes
Yukon TerritoryS3BYes
Prince Edward IslandS2MYes
New BrunswickS3MYes
United StatesNNRB,NNRN
ProvinceRankNative
OklahomaS1NYes
DelawareS1MYes
IowaS1NYes
NebraskaSNRNYes
WyomingS4NYes
New HampshireSNAYes
KansasS2NYes
OhioSNAYes
OregonSNAYes
MassachusettsS3NYes
MaineS2NYes
IdahoSNAYes
TexasS4Yes
ArizonaS2MYes
UtahSNAYes
MinnesotaSNRMYes
PennsylvaniaS2MYes
WisconsinSNAYes
AlabamaS3NYes
Navajo NationS2MYes
MarylandS2MYes
AlaskaSNRBYes
District of ColumbiaS1NYes
WashingtonS3NYes
MichiganSNRNYes
New YorkSNRNYes
Rhode IslandS3NYes
MontanaSNAYes
ConnecticutSNAYes
New JerseyS4NYes
LouisianaS3MYes
NevadaSNAYes
North CarolinaSNAYes
VirginiaSNAYes
South CarolinaS2NYes
FloridaS2NYes
MissouriSNAYes
CaliforniaSNRNYes
MississippiSNAYes
ColoradoSNAYes
GeorgiaS3Yes
References (8)
  1. American Ornithological Society (AOS). Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Sixty-third Supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds. Ornithology 139:1-13.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. AviList Core Team. 2025. AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025. https://doi.org/10.2173/avilist.v2025 [Note this is no longer the most current version of the AviList checklist, see W25AVI02NAUS].
  4. Gill, F., D. Donsker, and P. Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v13.1). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.1.
  5. McLaughlin, J. F., B. C. Faircloth, T. C. Glenn, and K. Winker. 2020. Divergence, gene flow, and speciation in eight lineages of trans-Beringian birds. Molecular Ecology 29(18):3526-3542.
  6. Skeel, M. A., E. P. Mallory, and P. Pyle. 2025. Hudsonian Whimbrel (Numenius hudsonicus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman and M. G. Smith, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whimbr3.01
  7. Tan, H. Z., E. Ying Xin Ng, Q. Tang, G. A. Allport, J. Jansen, P. S. Tomkovich, and F. E. Rheindt. 2019. Population genomics of two congeneric Palaearctic shorebirds reveals differential impacts of Quaternary climate oscillations across habitats types. Scientific Reports 9(1):18172.
  8. Tan, H. Z., J. JFJ Jansen, G. A. Allport, K. M. Garg, B. Chattopadhyay, M. Irestedt, S. EH Pang, G. Chilton, C. Yin Gwee, and F. E. Rheindt. 2023. Megafaunal extinctions, not climate change, may explain Holocene genetic diversity declines in Numenius shorebirds. Elife 12:e85422.