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Home/Species/ Minute Gem Snail

Hawaiia minuscula

(A. Binney, 1841)

Minute Gem Snail

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.110318
Element CodeIMGAS74020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryInvertebrate Animal
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassGastropoda
OrderStylommatophora
FamilyZonitidae
GenusHawaiia
Other Common Names
Minute Gem (EN)
Concept Reference
Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-10-02
Change Date2002-10-08
Edition Date2025-10-02
Edition AuthorsT. Cornelisse
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
This species has a large range, many occurrences, and populations appear to be relatively stable across its range.
Range Extent Comments
This species occurs in southeastern Canada from Saskatchewan to Newfoundland and in the United States from Montana to Maine, south to Florida and west to California (Lewis 2005; Waggoner et al. 2006; Dourson and Feeman 2006; Hotopp and Pearce 2007; NatureServe 2025; RARECAT 2025; InvertEBase 2025).
Occurrences Comments
This species is known from > 1100 occurrences using a 1 km separation distance and records from 1994-2025 (Lewis 2005; Waggoner et al. 2006; Dourson and Feeman 2006; Hotopp and Pearce 2007; NatureServe 2025; RARECAT 2025; InvertEBase 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Threats to this species are unknown.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

This species is found on bare ground occurring in floodplains, meadows, roadsides, and in urban areas; the snail also occurs in the mountains in mixed hardwood forest under leaf litter and detritus (Dourson 2013).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - HardwoodGrassland/herbaceousOld fieldSuburban/orchardUrban/edificarian
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
South DakotaSNRYes
KentuckyS3Yes
PennsylvaniaS4Yes
MontanaSNRYes
LouisianaSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
HawaiiSNANo
MarylandSNRYes
IndianaSNRYes
DelawareSNRYes
North CarolinaS5Yes
WyomingSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
FloridaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
TennesseeS5Yes
TexasS5Yes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
GeorgiaSNRYes
ArkansasSNRYes
MississippiSNRYes
South CarolinaSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
MaineSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
KansasSNRYes
Navajo NationS5Yes
VermontSNRYes
New YorkSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
UtahSHYes
IowaSNRYes
WisconsinS5Yes
ArizonaSNRYes
VirginiaS4Yes
NebraskaSXYes
IllinoisSNRYes
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
Nova ScotiaSUYes
SaskatchewanSUYes
OntarioS4Yes
Prince Edward IslandSUYes
Island of NewfoundlandSUYes
QuebecSNRYes
ManitobaS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined———

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Roadless Areas (1)
New Mexico (1)
AreaForestAcres
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
References (20)
  1. Anderson, T.K. 2005. Land snail diversity in Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. Western North American Naturalist, 65(2): 186-195.
  2. Burke, T.E. 2013. Land snails and slugs of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis. 352 pp
  3. Cowie, R.H. 1997. Catalog and bibliography of the nonindigenous nonmarine snails and slugs of the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 50: 1-66.
  4. Dourson, D. and K. Feeman. 2006. A survey of terrestrial Mollusca in selected areas of the Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area. Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science, 67(1): 9-18.
  5. Dourson, D.C. 2010. Kentucky's land snails and their ecological communities. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, NC. 298 pp.
  6. Dourson, D.C. 2013. Land snails of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and southern Appalachians. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, NC. 336 pp.
  7. Dourson, D C. and West Virginia DNR. 2015. Land snails of West Virginia. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, North Carolina. 412 pp.
  8. Grimm, F.W. 1971. Annotated checklist of the land snails of Maryland and the District of Columbia. Sterkiana, 41: 51-57.
  9. Harris, S.A. 1978. Vertical zonation of land snails in the Iraqi slopes of the Persian Mountains and in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 10(2): 457-463.
  10. Hotopp, K. and T.A. Pearce. 2007. Land snails in New York: statewide distribution and talus site faunas. Final Report for contract #NYHER 041129 submitted to New York State Biodiversity Research Institute, New York State Museum, Albany, New York. 91 pp.
  11. InvertEBase. 2025. Online. Available: https://invertebase.org/portal/index.php.
  12. Jass, C.N., J.I. Mead, A.D. Morrison, and L.D. Agebroad. 2002. Late Pleistocene mollusks from the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. Western North American Naturalist, 62(2): 129-140.
  13. Lee, H.G. 2006. Landsnails of Claiborne Bluff. American Conchologist, 34(3): 30-31.
  14. Lewis, J.J. 2005c. Bioinventory of Caves of the Cumberland Escarpment Area of Tennessee. Final Report to Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency & The Nature Conservancy of Tennessee. Lewis & Associates LLC, 158 pp.
  15. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  16. Neck, R.W. 1989. Additional terrestrial gastropods of Travis County, Texas. Malacology Data Net, 2(5/6): 135-143.
  17. Neck, R.W. 1990. Ecological analysis of the living molluscs of the Texas panhandle. American Malacological Bulletin 8(1): 9-18.
  18. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  19. Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
  20. Waggoner, J., S.A. Clark, K.E. Perez, and C. Lydeard. 2006. A survey of terrestrial gastropods of the Sipsey Wilderness (Bankead National Forest), Alabama. Southheastern Naturalist, 5(1): 57-68.